Fish

Improves daily weight gains, enhances meat quality, strengthens native immunity ! Growfeed

Bukyong National University

Evaluation of the improved growth and survival rates through the addition of Growfeed Aqua to formula feed.

Purpose of the study

  • The proper quantities of Growfeed Aqua (Former E.G Power Aqua Mineral) as a functional additive to the feedstuff for young whiteleg shrimps and young tilapias were estimated.
  • The growth of whiteleg shrimps and tilapias was investigated by the addition amount of functional additives.
  • The nutritional ingredients of whiteleg shrimps and tilapias were investigated by the addition amount of functional additives.

Study method

  • Experiment material : Growfeed Aqua produced by Macsumsuk GM
  • Experiment of proper quantities 1 : Arrange five experimental groups including control groups and conduct a feeding experiment to check the proper quantities of the functional additive, Growfeed Aqua in the feedstuff for young whiteleg shrimps.
  • Experiment of proper quantities 1 : Arrange five experimental groups including control groups and conduct a feeding experiment to check the proper quantities of the functional additive, Growfeed Aqua in the feedstuff for young tilapias.

Measured items

  • Examination of the growth rate

    Weight gain, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, specific growth rate, hepatic somatic index (except for the experiment on shrimps), survival rate

  • Nutrient analysis : analyze the general ingredients (water, protein, fat, ash) of the experimental feedstuff and fish body
  • Summary and statistics : perform ANOVA (analysis of variance) with SAS 9.0 to test the significance of the average data through the least

Arrangement of experimental feedstuff and feeding experiment

  • Experiment 1 / tilapia
  • Place of experiment : Forage nutritive laboratory in Bukyoug National University
  • Experiment species : tilapia
  • Experiment design

    - Initial weight : 1 ± 0.01g

    - Water temperature : 26 ± 1℃

    - Oxygen > 5mg/L

    - 5 experimental groups (3 repetitions) - Diet 1 (control, 0% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 2 (0.3% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 3 (0.6% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 4 (1.2% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 5 (2.4% of Growfeed Aqua)

    - Experimental period : eight weeks

Table 1. Composition of the experimental diets (%)

Ingredients Diet 1 Diet 2 Diet 3 Diet 4 Diet 5
Fish meal, Dehulled soybean meal, Wheat flour, Soybean oil, Fish oil, Vitamin premix, Mineral premix
Cellulose 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.2 0
Growfeed Aqua 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4
Total 100 100 100 100 100
  • Experiment 2 / whiteleg shrimp
  • Place of experiment : Forage nutritive laboratory in Bukyoug National University
  • Experiment species : whiteleg shrimp
  • Experiment design

    - Initial weight : 1 ± 0.01g

    - Water temperature : 26 ± 1℃

    - Oxygen > 5mg/L

    - Salt : 33 ± 1ppt

    - 5 experimental groups (3 repetitions) - Diet 1 (control, 0% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 2 (0.3% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 3 (0.6% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 4 (1.2% of Growfeed Aqua), Diet 5 (2.4% of Growfeed Aqua)

    - Experimental period : eight weeks

Table 2. Composition of the experimental diets (%)

Ingredients Diet 1 Diet 2 Diet 3 Diet 4 Diet 5
Fish meal, Dehulled soybean meal, Squid liver powder wheat gluten meal, Wheat flour, Soybean oil, Fish oil, Vitamin premix, Mineral premix
Cellulose 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.2 0
Growfeed Aqua 0.0 0.3 0.6 1.2 2.4
Total 100 100 100 100 100

Experiment 1 / tilapia

Treatment WG FE SGR PER Survival RBC Hb HCT
1 (0%) 549.2b 79.5c 0.101b 3.34c 100 1.80ab 6.46ab 24.7ab
2 (0.3%) 582.8ab 85.0ab 0.101ab 3.53ab 100 1.81ab 6.70ab 24.2ab
3 (0.6%) 589.2ab 84.4ab 0.102ab 3.58ab 100 2.36a 8.40a 31.4a
4 (1.2%) 608.3a 86.4a 0.102a 3.70a 97.3 1.91ab 6.83ab 25.8ab
5 (2.4%) 586.3ab 82.8bc 0.102ab 3.56bc 98.7 1.51b 5.30b 21.0b
Pooled SEM 11.7 1.04 0.004 0.07 0.42 0.11 0.42 1.46

Experiment 2 / whiteleg shrimp

Treatment WG FE SGR PER Survival
1 (0%) 413.7c 30.1b 2.37c 0.67b 76.7
2 (0.3%) 424.2bc 32.3b 2.38bc 0.72b 86.7
3 (0.6%) 494.3ab 30.2b 2.53ab 0.68b 76.7
4 (1.2%) 611.8a 39.5a 2.84a 0.88a 83.3
5 (2.4%) 628.2a 37.8a 2.84a 0.84a 71.6
Pooled SEM 28.0 1.0 0.06 0.02 2.6

Broken line analysis

  • Weight gain rate and feed efficiency was the best in the addition of 0.83% (tilapia) and 1.06% (whiteleg shrimp) of Growfeed Aqua. Approximately 1% of addition to formula feed is recommeded by the experiment result.

Experiment 1 / tilapia

Experiment 2 / whiteleg shrimp

The academic journal of 2012 World Aquaculture Society

  • The experiment result of Growfeed Aqua (Former E.G Power Aqua Mineral) was published in Aquaculture
  • Experiment institution : Forage nutritive laboratory in Bukyoug National University / Department of marine bio-materials and aquaculture, Professor Bae Seung-cheol
  • Study period : Jan. 2012 ~ Mar. 2012
  • Experiment species : tilapia, whiteleg shrimp
  • Subject : Analysis on growth and nutrition by adding Growfeed Aqua to the feedstuff for fish culture

Kunsan National University

  • Performing institution : Department of Marine Life Medical Science in Kunsan National University
  • Experiment period : Sep. 1, 2011 ~ Dec. 31. 2012
  • Experiment method : Control group (no addition of Growfeed Aqua to feedstuff)
  • Experimental group (added 1% and 3% of Growfeed Aqua to feedstuff) / Experiment species : halibut

Experiment report from Department of Marine Life Medical Science in Kunsan National University

Experiment of survival ratio by water improvement

  • The survival ratio in the experimental group greater than the control group and the survival ratio was increased as Growfeed Aqua is added more in the experimental group in spite of lengthening the period (Maintained more than 80% of survival ratio for 4 days)

Added 0.25g/L of Growfeed Aqua

Added 0.5g/L of Growfeed Aqua

Ammonia removing effect inside the water

  • The survival ratio in the experimental group greater than the control group and the survival ratio was increased as Growfeed Aqua is added more in the experimental group in spite of lengthening the period (Maintained more than 80% of survival ratio for 4 days)
  • The ammonia was reduced by more than 50%
  • The reduction effect will be maximized by adjusting the contents of Growfeed Aqua in the future

Effect of reducing the ammonia accumulation

  • The survival ratio in the experimental group greater than the control group (Maintained more than 80% of survival ratio for 4 days)
  • Ammonia and nitrous acid were dissolved into the water in high concentrations (25ppm respectively) and measured 1 day after adding Growfeed Aqua (250mg/L). The ammonia was reduced by more than 50%
  • The experimental group with the addition of 0.5g/L of Growfeed Aqua showed nearly 50% of reduction of ammonia accumulation than the control group

Experiment report of halibut

Fig. 1 Change in dissolved oxygen in the halibut feeding tank

The improvement effect is distinct as it was the highest in the experiment groups

Fig. 2 Change in phosphate in the halibut feeding tank

The effect is verified as the phosphate reduction effect was the highest in the experiment groups

Fig. 3 Change in ammonia concentration in the halibut feeding tank

It was clearly reduced in the experimental groups than in the group where calcium carbonate was added

Fig. 4 Turbidity in the halibut feeding tank

The turbidity was the highest in the group where calcium carbonate was added and it was clearly improved in the experimental groups

Fig. 5 RBC count of halibut after 8 weeks (n=10)

It was high in the experimental group where 1% of Growfeed Aqua was added

Fig. 6 WBC count of halibut after 8 weeks (n=10)

It was high in the experimental group where 1% of Growfeed Aqua was added

Fig. 7 Lysozyme activity in the blood of halibut after 8 weeks

It was high in the experimental group where 1% of Growfeed Aqua was added

Fig. 8 Chemical luminance (CL) reaction in halibut after 8 weeks

CL pask size appeared with lysozyme stimulus is used for the data. The immunity power of Growfeed Aqua is activated in the CL reaction which is the index for immunity

Results of the feeding experiment performed by Department of Marine Life Medical Science in Kunsan National University

  • Excellent immunity improvement effect

    The experiment results for the white blood cells and lysozyme activity which are indicators of fish immunity system, showed significent differences in every species except for the whiteleg shrimps (for which blood analysis is impossible). The effects were better when the feed was placed in the water tank. However, the use of only calcium carbonate showed peculiar results : the immunity effect was decreased even through the nitrous acid reduction effect was observed.

  • Comparison of ammonia and phosphate

    The ammonia and phosphate reduction effects were observed in every species. The effects were increased when the feed was placed in the water tank. In particular, the halibuts and whiteleg shrimps showed the excellent effects when Growfeed Aqua was used alone which is a encouraging result.

  • Change of dissolved oxygen

    The quantity of dissolved oxygen is increased remarkably for seawater fish such as halibut and whiteleg shrimp. Therefore, the effects will be greater with seawater fish and it would be appropriate to use Growfeed Aqua for medicinal purpose.

  • Water turbidity

    When calcium carbonate was used, the turbidity was generally increased so much that it was difficult to see what was happening inside the water tank. On the other hand, Growfeed Aqua created a clean environment in the water tank by absorbing the suspended solids and made it possible to see what was happening inside the water tank even if the water tank was darkened as needed.

  • Weight gain

    The feed efficiency of the formula feed for fish was improved as the environment in the water tank was improved, the stress of fish was reduced, and a comfortable environment for fish was created by Growfeed Aqua. The weight gain effect can be better demonstrated through tests in a fish farm rather than through a feeding experiment.

  • General opinion

    Growfeed Aqua is useful for feeding fish in healthy and clean ways as it improves the water quality and enhances the immunity for various species of farmed fish. Differences of the effects among the species appears to be influenced by the amount of bodily waste and the feeding environment. Future studies are needed to investigate the effects of the unique immunity improvement of Growfeed Aqua on fish diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.

실험 1 / 틸라피아

Feeding experiment on tilapia

실험 2 / 흰다리 새우

Feeding experiment on whiteleg shrimp

호주성적서

Australian academic journal